Friction shock-absorbing mechanism



sept. 4, 1923. y

J. F. OCONNOR FRIlCTlON SHOCK AB'SORBING MECHA'NISM Filed Nov. 8, 1922 j@ ff@ Patented Sept. 4?, 1923,

i narranstares Jenn r, oooNNoa, or 1 crrcneo, immers, Assis-Noa To WILLIAM HAMINR, on

v CHAZY, NEW YORK.

rnrcrron sHooK-Ansonninerancrranrsm.

Application led November 8,1922.y Serial 110.599,621.

T0 all iufm-m it may concern Be it known that I, lJoint F. OfC'oNNoR,

a citizen of the United States, residingaty Chicago, in the countyof Coolr :and State of lllinois, have invented a Acertain new and useful Improvement' in Friction 'Shock-Absorbing Mechanisms, of` which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had toy the accompany'- ing drawings, forming a part of `this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in in the drawing forming a part of this specification, Figure 1V is a horizontal longitudinal sectional view of a portion of a railway draft rigging showing my improvements in connection therewith, partsfbeing broken away in order to better accommodate the view on the sheet. Figure 2 is a front end elevation of the shockl absorbing mechanism proper'. Figure 3 is a vertical transverse sectional view of the shock absorbingl mechanism proper corresponding to the line of Figure 1. And Figure l is a detail perspective of one of the friction elements employed in my mechanism.

ln said drawing, 10-10-denote channel draft sills of a car underframe, to the inner faces of which are secured front stoplugs A portion of a drawbar isindicated at 13, the same being operatively associated with a hooded cast* yoke 14 within which is disposed the shock absorbing mechanism proper and avv front follower 15. The yolre and parts therewithin are supportedin operative position by a detachable saddle plate 16.

rlhe improved shockl absorbing vmechanism proper, as shown comprises a combinedfriction .shell and spring cageA casting A;

spring resistance B a plurality of primary wedge-friction elements C -.C; aplurality of'co-acting wedge-friction-shoes D-`-D; vertically, with the secondary wedge-friction Velements D, as best shown in Figure 3',

plurality of tertiary wedge-friction elements E-E; a plurality of quarternary vwedge-- friction-shoes F-F; and aretainerf bolt (G.

The casting A, as shown, isof rectangulark cross section, having top and bottom walls 17%17, side walls 18-18, and integral rear vertical wall 19, the latter beingflaterally extended and suitably reinforced s0 asV to adapt it to cooperate with the rear stop lugs of the draft rigging. The side walls 18,r near the outer end of the lcasting A,have

their inner sides converged inwardly of the shell, so asto provide flat shell friction surfaces 20-20. rlhe remainder of the casting A; provides a casing or cage for the two-coil spring resistance B.

rlhe primary wcdge-'friction-shoes C are three in number and vertically spaced, as shown best in Figures 2 and 3. Eachof said elements C is of triangular form having a front transversely extending flat face 21, a" side fiat friction surface 22, andY an inclined wedge face 23. elements C directly receive and transmit the actuating forces fromthefront follower 15 and all three cooperate with` the same frictionshell surface 20, viz: the one appearing at the bottom as viewed in Figure 1. Due to the fact that said three elements C are all engaged by the front follower 15, it is evident that they will operate substantially as a single unitary structure, and together constitute what may be considered a. pressuretransmitting and receivingwedge-friction- "slioe cooper-able with one of the surfaces of inclined wedge face 123, co-acting with the wedge face 23 of the corresponding element C; and an inner transverse edge 25. From an inspection of Figure 1, it will be `noted Vthatthe outerends of said elements D are Vspaced from theL front follower 15 and the inner edges 25 arevspaced from andou-t of contact with respect to the spring B.

The tertiary wedge-frictionV elements E are also three in number and are alternated,

said elements E being on the same side of The three friction .the axis of the mechanism, as the elements D. Each element E is provided on its outer side with a longitudinally extending friction surface 28, which cooperates with the adjacent friction shell surface 20, the same shell surface as that with which the elements D cooperate. Each element E 'turther is provided with iront trans fersely extending edge 2T which .is in spaced rel tion with respect to the front toll. wer l5. Along; its inner edge, each element E is provided with a wedge face Q8, the we( i;e faces 28 beinginclined the opposite direction to that oit the w dge faces 23 and l23. The sir; VNment-s D and E proviifled with vertically alined openings 297 through which is extended the correspondin shape( pin SO, trom which construction it will be evident that all oiTA said el ments l) and l will necessarily nieve and act in unison, both with respect to their inward and outward. movements and their movements j the shell as hereinait'er explained.

ln .this connection it in be observed that the three elements E, due to the pin 30 be con sidered as one wedge-frictionshoe and similarly the three elements ,l may be considered as another wedge-'tricy inshoe.

The quaternary triction elements F three in number, the saine being alternated with the primary itriction elements C and disposed in the same transverse planes as the tertiary friction elements clearly shown in Figure lEach ot the quartcrnary friction elements il is provided on its outer side with a longitudinally extendingv 'liriction surface 3l, cooperable with the same shell 'friction surface 2O as that with which the primary friction elements C cofre/crate. (in its inner side, each element F is provided with a wedge face 12S cooperating' with the respective wedge 'lace 2S ot an clement E. it its inner end, each element F is provided with a transverse lace 132` said laces l32 being` disposed inwardly et.' any other parts ot the other riction elements `ieu are pin

35, as indicated at 36 in f.' there is thus allowed tree-don of the elements l? with respect to A 35. ris will be understood by those in the art,K the four central friction elements C; D, E and l?, as best viewed in Figure E, will be suitably cut away along their adjacent cerner edge 9 as indicated at 23T, to accommodate the shank the bolt and the two center 'friction elements and lil will be suitably recessed as indie at 3S to r'reely accommodate the eye or the bolt. vWith hs *construction it is evident a compression s assuming' a bulliirgy action the d follows.

i* l i, :is ille ,i wardly :onstituting i ,vedgcftricl tion shoe. are inovwl in unison therewitl'i.

' 4 with the cle- Ytorce the latter in Yt'riction elements i nd due to the taper ol .ed ,c '0, a dillerential action will-be set up between the primary elements C an l the second j elements l), the latter advancinpv at a 'i ne than the clements C, as will le obvious. lnasmuch as the elements D are se connected to the tei-tary elements E by means ot the heavy pin 3() that all move in unison, it is evident that J"he elements l@ will travel longituflina1 and laterally in unison with the elements l). is inward movement olf the elements E is thus induced, the quaternarv friction elements l? will be 'forced inwardlrv et the shell lue to the taper ot the shell surfaces a dilorential action will be set up between the elements E and l?, causing the latter to advance at laster rate than the elements E. The spring resistance takes place against the elements F and it will be observed that the latter are given combined acceleration acquired in part trom the differential action of the first set et friction elements C and D and in part AVir-oni the diilferential action et the second set ott friction elements E and F,

From the preceding description, it will be seen that the spring` resistance, as ultimately transferred to the primary set et friction elements, is `greatly augmented as its elli'cct is transterred first trom the quaternary friction elements to the tertiary triction elements, thence from the latter by means of thc secondary 'friction elements to the primary friction elements. ln this manner., lan enabled to obtain very high capacity by the use et a single sprino reistance and withoutthe necessity ol: em-

p oying any acute wedging angles. Furthermore? all et the trictionelenients C, l), and l?, can obviously be manufactured at comparatively small expense and may easily be renewed so that the mechanism is not only economical with regard to first cost but also inuplreep.

I have herein shown and described .what I now 'consider the preferred manner of carrying out the invention, but the sameKA is merely illustrative and I contemplate all changes and modifications that come within the scope of the claims appended hereto.

I claim:

l. In a friction shock absorbing mech-anisin, the combination with a friction shell thereof; of a spring resistance; a tset of cooperable wedge-friction-shoes, the shoes co-acting with the friction surfaces of the shell; a second set of oppositelyjarranged wedge-friction-shoes also cooperable with the shell; and means for communicating the movement of part of the shoes'offone set to part ofthe shoes ofthe other set.

- 3. In a friction shock absorbing mechaiiisin; the combination rwith a friction shell Yhaving friction surfaces converged inwardly thereof; of Va spring resistance; a 'set 'of cooperable wedge-friction-shoes, the shoes co-acting with the friction surfaces of the shell; and a second set of Voppositely-arranged wedge-friction-shoes also cooperable with the shell, some of the shoes of the` two sets being rigidly associated and movable in unison. Y

4L. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a friction shellhaving friction surfaces converged inwardly thereof; of a spring resistance; a set of cooperable Wedge-friCtiOn-shOeS, the shoes co-acting with the friction surfaces of the shell; a second se't of oppositely arranged wedge-friction-shoes also cooperable withy the shell; and means for limiting the outward movement of one of said sets of friction shoes with respect to *the shell.

In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a friction shell having inwardly converged opposed friction surfaces; of a spring resistance; anV

outer primary pressure-receiving and transmitting wedge-friction-sho'e cooperable with one shell friction surface; a secondary inner co-acting Vwedge-friction-shoe cooperable with the opposedshell friction surface a. tertiary wedge-friction-slioe cooperable with Ythe same shell friction surface as said secondary friction shoe and movable in unison with the latter; and a quaternary wedgefriction-slice co-acting with the said terthereby n tiary shoe yand cooperable with the ysaine shell friction surface las the primary friction shoe. y

6. In a friction shockabsor'bingniechanism, the combination witha friction 4shell having inwardly converged opposed friction surfaces; of a spring resistance; an

outer primary :pressure-receiving and transinitting wedge-friction-shoecooperable with one shellfi'iction surface; a secondary inner co-acting wedge-friction-shoe cooperable with the opposed ys hell friction surface; a-

ter'tiary wedge-friction-shoe cooperable with the same shell friction surface as saidsecondary friction shoe and-movable in unison with the latter; and a Quaternary wedgefriction-shoe co-acting with the said tertiary shoe and cooper-able with thesaine shell friction surface as the primary friction shoe, lthe co-ac'ting wedge 'faces of said `primary and'secondary shoes extending in one direction andthe co-acting wedge faces of the tertiary and quatern-ary shoes eX- tending in the opposite dirtction.

7. In a `friction shock absorbing mecha- 1;.

nism, the combination with a friction shell having inwardly converged frictionA surfaces; of a `spring resistance; a plurality of primary pressure-receiving and transinittingwedge-fric'tion elements movable inV unison; a plurality of ysecondary wedgefrictioii elements movable in unison-and c0- operable vwith k'Said vprimary friction elements; a plurality of tertiary wedge-friction elements alternated with said primary and secondary friction elements and movable infunison with the latter; kand aplurali'ty of' Quaternary friction 'elements vcoyacting with said tertiary elements and `also alternated lwith said ary elements.

8. In a friction shock absorbing-mechapriinary f and secondnism, the combination with a `friction shell Vhaving inwardly y vcoi'ivierged friction sui'- 'facesg of a springresistance;-a-pliiralityof primary pressure-receiving and transmitkting wedge-friction elements movable in unison; a plurality of secondary wedgefriction elements movable in unison and cooperable with said primary friction elements; a plurality of tertiary wedge-V friction elements alternated with said primary and secondary friction elements and movable in unison with the latter; a plurality of quaternary friction elements coactingV with said tertiary elements and also alternated with said primary and secondary elements; and means limiting the .relative separation of said primary friction elements `and the shell.

' 9. In a frictionY shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a friction shell having a pair of opposed friction surfaces converged inwardly of the shell; a plurality of primary direct pressure-receiving and -iio transmitting wedge-friction elements cooperable with one of said shell surfaces; a plurality of secondary wedge-friction elements co-acting with said primary elements and cooperable with the opposed shell surface;

a plurality of tertiary wedge-friction elements cooperable with said shell surface with which the secondary elen'ients cooperate; means uniting said secondary and tertiary elements whereby the same move in unison; a plurality of quater-nary wedgefi'iction elements eoactingwith said tertiary friction elements and cooperable with the same shell friction surface as that with which the primary elements cooperate; a spring resistance interposed between said fiell and the inner ends of said quaternary friction elements; and means limiting the outward movement of said primary friction elements with respect to the shell.

10. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism; the combination with a friction shell having a pair of opposed friction surfaces converged inwardly ,of the shell; a plurality of` primary direct pressure-receiving and transmitting wedge-friction elements eooperable with one of said shell surfaces; a plurality of secondary wedge-friction elements co-acting with said primary elements and cooperable with the opposed shell. surface; a plurality of tertiary wedge-friction elements cooper-able with said shell surface with which the secondary elements cooperate; means uniting said secondary and tertiary elements whereby the same move in unison; a plurality of quaternary wedgefriction elements co-acting with said tertiary friction elements and cooperable with the same shell friction surface as that with which the 1primary elements cooperate; a spring resistance interposed between said shell and the inner ends of said quaternary friction elements; and means limiting the outward movement of said primary friction elements with respect to the shell7 the the primary and secondary elements being alternated with respect to the tertiary and quaternar y elements.

ll. ln a friction shock absorbing mechanism; the combination with a friction shell having interior friction surfaces; ofv a spring resistance; a set of cooper-able wedgefriction-shoes, the friction surfaces of the shoes of the set cooperating with opposed friction surfaces of the shell; a second set of oppositely arranged wedge-friction-shoes, the friction surfaces of said shoes also eoope-rating with opposed friction surfaces of the shell; and means for communicatino -the movement of part of the shoes of one set to part of the shoes of the other set.

l2. ln a friction shock absorbing mechanism; the combination with a friction shell having interior opposed friction surfaces; of a spring resistance; an outer primary pressure-receiving and transmitting wedefriction-shoe cooperable with one shell friction surface; a secondary inner wedge-friction-shoe co-acting with the primary frictionrshoe and cooperable with an opposed shell friction surface; a tertiary wedgefriction-shoe cooperable with the same shell friction surface as said secondary friction shoe and movable in unison with the latt `r; and a quaternary wedge-friction-shoe coacting 4with said tertiary shoe and cooperable with the same shell friction surface :s that with which the primary friction shoe cooperates.

ln witness that l claim the foregoinw l have hereunto subscribed my name this 25th day of Sept., 1922.

JOHN l?. OCONNOR.

l/Vitnesses l UNA C. Gmosnr, H. M. VVEAMER. 

